Advanced level 2026 south west regional mock philosophy 2

Philosophy Mock Exam – Paper 2 (Section Extract)

SECTION ONE: WESTERN PHILOSOPHY

1. Anaximenes’ claim that air is the archē represents a genuine step towards scientific explanation, rather than mere speculation. Discuss. (25 Marks)

2. The Cartesian method of doubt destroys knowledge rather than providing a secure foundation for it. Assess the validity of this claim. (25 Marks)

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SECTION TWO: AFRICAN PHILOSOPHY

3. How coherent was Nkrumah’s Consciencism in the reawakening of lost values in Africa? (25 Marks)

4. Colonialism in Africa could be associated with the dehumanization of the African person. How tenable is this assertion? (25 Marks)

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SECTION 3: TEXTUAL STUDIES

5. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

“African philosophy, as a critical and systematic reflection on African experiences, beliefs, and values, seeks to understand the fundamental nature of reality, knowledge, and human existence. It is rooted in the traditional African worldview, which emphasizes communalism, interconnectedness, and the sacredness of life. African philosophy challenges Western dominance and promotes a unique perspective on truth, reality, and human flourishing. Historically, African thought has been marginalized or distorted due to colonialism, slavery, and Eurocentric biases. This has led to a lack of recognition and understanding of African philosophical traditions. Consequently, African philosophers face the daunting task of reconstructing and reinterpreting their cultural heritage. The communalistic orientation of African thought is evident in the concept of ‘ubuntu’ (humanity towards others), which emphasizes the interconnectedness of human existence. This principle is central to African moral and ethical systems, stressing the importance of relationships, reciprocity, and collective well-being. African philosophy’s focus on communalism and interconnectedness challenges Western notions of individualism, rationalism, and scientific objectivity. By highlighting the significance of cultural context and traditional knowledge, African philosophy offers a distinctive voice in global philosophical discourse.”

— “The Concept of Philosophy in African Thought” by Kwame Gyekye.

Questions:

• a) State the author’s problem and solutions provided in the passage above. (5 marks)

• b) Explain the following expressions as used in the passage.

  • (i) “…lack of recognition and understanding of African philosophical traditions.”

  • (ii) “…which emphasizes the interconnectedness of human existence.” (4 marks)

• c) How does the traditional African worldview influence African philosophy? (2 marks)

• d) What is the significance of ‘ubuntu’ in African moral and ethical systems? (4 marks)

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Source Information:

TRU/RPI-PHILO/SOWEPHITA/0790/ PHILOSOPHY/P2/MOCK 2026 | Page 2 of 3

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