Based on the provided image, here is the full extraction of the text from the biology examination paper.

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SECTION A

Answer ALL THREE (3) QUESTIONS

(1)

• a) (i) How do human beings contract malaria? (2 marks)

• a) (ii) What measures can be taken to prevent the spread of malaria? (4 marks)

• b) Describe an experiment to show how reducing sugars could be tested in germinating bean seeds. (9 marks)

• c) In what ways are bacteria economically useful? (5 marks)

• (Total = 20 marks)

(2)

• a) Define or explain each of the following terms:

  • (i) Stimulus

  • (ii) Reflex action

  • (iii) Phototropism (2, 2, 2 marks)

• b) Describe what happens when the hand accidentally touches a hot object until it is removed. (9 marks)

• c) In tabular form, state FIVE sense organs or receptors in the human body and the stimulus each detects. (5 marks)

• (Total = 20 marks)

(3)

• a) In what ways is sunlight important to:

  • (i) Plants

  • (ii) Animals (4, 3 marks)

• b) Describe the following processes in the nitrogen cycle:

  • (i) Nitrogen fixation

  • (ii) Nitrification

  • (iii) Denitrification (4, 2, 2 marks)

• c) How does deforestation affect the environment negatively? (5 marks)

• (Total = 20 marks)

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SECTION B

Answer any TWO (2) questions

(4)

• a) Define:

  • (i) Pollination

  • (ii) Copulation (2, 2 marks)

• b) List the structures in a flower directly responsible for reproduction. (5 marks)

• c) Give differences between sexual and asexual reproduction. (6 marks)

• d) State the changes that occur only in females at puberty? (5 marks)

• (Total = 20 marks)

(5)

• a) Describe or draw a large labelled diagram of the human urinary system. (9 marks)

• b) Give the functions of six (6) parts labelled in the diagram above. (6 marks)

• c) How do plants eliminate the following excretory products?

  • (i) Carbon dioxide

  • (ii) Excess water

  • (iii) Oxygen (2, 2, 1 marks)

• (Total = 20 marks)

(6)

• a) Copy and complete the table below:

	Mineral or Vitamin	Rich Source	One function in body
(i)			Keeps bones healthy
(ii)	Iron
(iii)		Fruits and vegetables
(iv)		Sea food	Healthy thyroid
(v)			Proper functioning of the rods of the eye
(9 marks)

• b) How is a herbivorous mammal like a sheep adapted to its diet? (6 marks)

• c) Describe the digestion of a piece of fatty pork in humans. (5 marks)

• (Total = 20 marks)

(7)

• a) Define each of the following terms:

  • (i) Variation

  • (ii) Phenotype

  • (iii) Codominance (2, 2, 2 marks)

• b) A poultry farmer allowed pure-breeding fowls with black feathers to mate with white feather types. All the first set of offspring produced had blue feathers. The farmer further allowed the blue feather fowls to mate among themselves and a total of 560 offspring were produced. Of the 560, 140 fowls had black feathers, 280 fowls had blue feathers and 138 had white feathers. Using appropriate symbols and diagrams, show the genetics of these crosses. (11 marks)

• c) Explain what is meant by a test cross. (3 marks)

• (Total = 20 marks)