European colonial rivalry arose because several powers sought strategic locations, resources, markets and international prestige in Africa.
Moroccan Rivalry
France and Germany competed for influence in Morocco. The Tangier or First Moroccan Crisis of 1905 showed how colonial disputes could threaten European peace.
Congo Rivalry
The activities of Henry Morton Stanley and King Leopold increased European interest in the Congo. Britain, France, Belgium and other powers competed for control of the region.
West African Rivalry
Britain and France competed over routes, trading areas and territories in West Africa. Trading companies and explorers helped their governments make claims.
Consequences
Colonial rivalries intensified diplomatic tension, encouraged conferences and treaties, and contributed to the alliance politics that preceded the First World War.
