- At 500 Romans stones called abacus was used as a calculating machine.
- Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) created the «Pascaline» in 1642. This machine was not the same as a computer, could be used for addition and subtraction. This was the first calculating machine.
- The first practitioner of modern computing was the Englishman Charles Babbage (1792-1871) who introduced the idea of using punch cards (perforated cards) to indicate the data and operations to be processed.
- The American mathematician John Von Neumann (1903-1957) identified the five essential parts of a high-speed automatic computing machine.
- In 1945 John William Mauchly (1907-1980) and John Presper Eckert (1919-1995) constructed a huge calculating machine called ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). The machine contained more than 18000 vacuum tubes, weighed 30 tons, and occupied 1500m².
- John Von Neumann later proposed the construction of EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Computer). This was the first computer to use a stored program.
- The computer revolution would finally begin with the invention of the «transistor» in 1948. A transistor is an active electronic component that can play the role of an amplifier, switch, or control for computer processes.
- UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer), in 1946. UNIVAC was the first civilian computer and was used for the first time in 1951 for the United States Census.
- In 1964, the American firm IBM began selling the IBM-360 computer.
- During the 1980s, more advances in miniaturization reduced the size of computer components more and more with the coming of smaller integrated circuits.
- In 1981, birth of the first personal computer using the Pentiums I, II, III.
Ordinary Level Physics Pamphlet
6,500CFA
Advance Level Geography Pamphlet
7,500CFA
Advanced Level History Pamphlet Paper 1 and 2
15,000CFA
Advance Level Food Science Pamphlet
7,500CFA
Advance Level Biology Pamphlet
7,500CFA
