A constitution is the basic legal framework of a state. It defines the organisation of government, the powers of institutions and the rights and duties of citizens.
Importance of a constitution
- it establishes the organs and institutions of government;
- it limits the exercise of public power;
- it protects fundamental rights and freedoms;
- it provides rules for succession and elections; and
- it promotes the rule of law and national stability.
Democracy
Democracy is government based on the participation and consent of the people. Its values include equality, freedom, tolerance, accountability, regular elections, majority decision-making with protection for minorities, and respect for the rule of law.
Elections
An election is a process through which citizens choose representatives or decide between alternatives. Free and credible elections require eligible voters, informed participation, secret and peaceful voting, fair competition, transparent counting and acceptance of lawful results.
Responsibilities of citizens
Citizens should obtain reliable information, register and vote where eligible, respect opposing opinions, reject violence and vote buying, protect public property and hold leaders accountable through lawful means.
Summary
The constitution provides the framework for public life. Democracy becomes meaningful when citizens participate peacefully and institutions respect the law.
