The Empire of Ghana was an important West African state that flourished between about 300 and 1240 AD. It grew through control of trade and political authority.
Rise and Location
Ghana developed between the Senegal and Niger rivers. Its location enabled it to control routes linking gold-producing areas in the south with salt and other goods from the north.
Political and Economic Organization
- The king controlled administration, taxation, justice and the army.
- Farmers, traders, miners and craft workers supported the empire.
- Gold, salt, leather, textiles and other goods were exchanged through long-distance trade.
Factors of Growth
Ghana grew because of military strength, control of trade routes, taxation, productive agriculture, natural resources and effective leadership.
Decline
The empire weakened because of attacks, internal disputes, changes in trade routes, environmental pressures and the rise of new powers.
