Decentralisation is the transfer of some authority and responsibilities from central government to local authorities. A council is a local authority that administers a town, city or rural area and supports local development.
Types of councils
Local government structures include regional councils, city councils, municipal councils and sub-divisional or ordinary councils. Their names and responsibilities may differ, but each serves a defined local community.
Organization of a council
A council normally includes elected councillors, an executive organ led by a mayor or designated city authority, administrative staff and commissions dealing with areas such as finance, works, education, sport, natural resources and social affairs.
Functions of local councils
- maintaining hygiene, sanitation, roads, markets and public spaces;
- supporting water, electricity, health, education and other social facilities;
- preparing and implementing local budgets and projects;
- collecting lawful local revenue and managing public resources;
- promoting peace, culture, sport and local economic development; and
- consulting communities about local needs.
Citizen participation
Citizens participate by attending consultations, paying lawful local charges, protecting public facilities, joining community projects, monitoring public works and reporting misuse of resources through proper channels.
Summary
Decentralisation brings decision-making closer to communities. Effective local government requires accountable leaders and active, informed citizens.
