Male reproductive system
The testes produce sperm cells and testosterone. The sperm ducts transport sperm, glands add fluid to form semen, and the penis transfers semen during sexual intercourse. The scrotum helps maintain a suitable temperature for sperm production.
Female reproductive system
The ovaries produce ova and hormones. The oviducts receive and transport ova, and fertilisation normally occurs in an oviduct. The uterus is where an embryo can develop, while the cervix and vagina form the lower reproductive passage.
Gamete production and puberty
Gametes are reproductive cells with half the usual chromosome number. Sperm production begins at puberty and continues through adult life, while the release of ova follows a reproductive cycle. Puberty involves hormonal changes and the development of secondary sexual characteristics.
Reproductive health
Reproductive health includes accurate knowledge, personal hygiene, responsible decision-making, prevention of sexually transmitted infections, and access to qualified health services. Persistent pain, unusual bleeding, sores, discharge, or other concerning symptoms should be assessed by a qualified health professional.
Revision questions
- State the functions of the testes and ovaries.
- Where does fertilisation usually occur?
- What are gametes?
- State three aspects of reproductive health.
