genetic engineering Genetic Engineering is the manipulation of gene (DNA) to produce useful products It involves isolation, removal and cloning […]

xylem parenchyma cell collencyma cell straited muscle (i) Xylem Made up of vessels and tracheid Consist of dead cells Allows […]

speciation natural selection mutation Lamark’s theory of “Use and disuse” The creation of new species is known as speciation and […]

synthetic routes for aromatic compounds synthetic routes for aromatic compounds The reaction shown in figure 4 below relate principally to […]

Ascending and descending a homologous series Ascending and descending a homologous series The other key reagents in preparing organic aliphatic […]

Starting material for synthesis Many of the organic chemicals synthesized in industry rely on cruel oil, vegetable oils or fats […]

SYNTHETIC ROUTES FOR ORGANIC CHEMICALS 1. Introduction One of the most important applications of organic chemistry is the synthesis of […]

PROTOTYPE FOR SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT Definition: `A prototype is an early sample, model, or release of a product built to test […]

planetary ecosystems (biomes) MAJOR PLANETARY ECOSYSTEMS (BIOMES) OF THE WORLD AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS Definition: Biome:   It is a large scale […]

condensation and rainfall Lesson 26: CONDENSATION Condensation is he processes by which water vapour upon cooling change it state into […]